Exploring the stimulative effects of X-Rays on plants: A systematic review

Abstract

Mohammed Lafi Alenzi*, Mroan Shareed Mubarak Almetere, Hussain Mohammed Bakmani, Manal Ahmed Ismail Alsayed, Wael Hussein Alomari, Yuosef Hassan Yuosef Aseere, Sultan Mishal Al-Otaibi

X-rays have long been a subject of interest in biological research due to their potential to induce both stimulative and inhibitory effects on living organisms. This systematic review explores the stimulative effects of X-rays on plants, focusing on their influence on germination, growth, metabolic activity, and crop yield. Drawing on recent studies, this review synthesizes findings to identify optimal exposure conditions and potential biochemical mechanisms underlying these effects. The results reveal that low-dose X-ray exposure can enhance plant development and productivity, offering promising applications in agriculture and biotechnology. However, the variability in experimental approaches and limited long-term studies highlight the need for further investigation to fully understand the mechanisms and practical implications of X-ray-induced stimulation in plants.